Blogs & Articles/Investing Psychology

5 Silent Mistakes That Quietly Lower Your Portfolio XIRR (And How to Fix Them)

Your portfolio might be profitable, but these hidden mistakes could be quietly dragging down your real returns.

Published: December 30, 2024 8 min read

Most Indian investors track absolute profit or their broker's P&L percentage. But here's the truth: neither tells you how well you're truly performing.

The correct metric is XIRR, your annualized return that properly accounts for the timing of every cash flow.

Yet even profitable portfolios often show surprisingly low XIRR because of these 5 silent mistakes.

Mistake #1: Frequent Partial Sells

"Book profits regularly" is common advice. But mathematically, every partial sell removes capital from compounding.

❌ The Problem

Let's say you invested ₹1,00,000 in a stock that gives 25% annual returns:

Scenario A: Full Hold (5 years)

₹1,00,000 → ₹3,05,176

+205% total | XIRR: 25%

Scenario B: Sell 20% yearly

₹1,00,000 → ₹1,85,000*

+85% total | XIRR: ~15%

*Approximate value including cash received from partial sells. The withdrawn capital stops compounding.

✅ The Fix

  • Let winners run longer, especially quality stocks in a bull phase
  • Set target-based exits (e.g., "sell at 3x cost") instead of frequent profit booking
  • Only partial-sell if you need the cash or the thesis changes

💡 Pro Tip

Track your average hold time for winners vs. losers. Many investors hold losers 2x longer than winners - the exact opposite of what builds wealth.

Mistake #2: Ignoring Dividends in Return Calculation

When you check your stock's performance, are you looking at price return or total return? Most broker apps only show price return.

❌ The Problem

Dividends are positive cash flows in XIRR. Ignoring them understates your true returns.

Example: ITC or Coal India

Price return (1 year) ~8%
Dividend yield +5%
True XIRR (Total Return) ~13%

✅ The Fix

  • Include dividends as cash inflows on the date they were credited
  • • Download your complete tradebook + dividend statements
  • • Use a tool that automatically includes dividends from your broker data

🎯 TrueXIRR includes dividends automatically

When you upload your broker's tradebook, TrueXIRR captures dividend payouts and includes them in your per-stock XIRR calculation.

Mistake #3: Holding Losing Stocks Too Long

This is the disposition effect - a well-documented behavioral bias where investors sell winners too early and hold losers too long.

❌ The Problem

Dead money destroys XIRR. A stock sitting at -30% for 2 years doesn't just lose money - it drags down your overall portfolio XIRR because that capital could have compounded elsewhere.

The Psychology

  • • "It'll come back" - Hope is not a strategy
  • • "I'll sell when it's breakeven" - Sunk cost fallacy
  • • "I can't book a loss" - Loss aversion

✅ The Fix

  • • Set strict stop-losses or trailing stops (e.g., -15% from cost or peak)
  • • Conduct monthly portfolio reviews - would you buy this stock today at current price?
  • • Compare average hold time of winners vs. losers - if losers > winners, you have a problem
  • • Use the opportunity cost lens: "What else could this capital do?"

💡 Warren Buffett's Rule

"The most important thing to do if you find yourself in a hole is to stop digging."

Mistake #4: Overtrading During Bull Markets

When markets rally, the temptation to "catch every move" is irresistible. But frequent trading has hidden costs that silently destroy returns.

❌ The Hidden Costs

15%

STCG Tax

On gains < 1 year

0.5-1%

Per Trade Costs

Brokerage + STT + GST

Opportunity Cost

Missed compounding

📊 SEBI Study: F&O Trader Losses

According to SEBI's 2023 study on derivatives trading:

  • 89% of individual traders lost money in F&O
  • • Average loss: ₹1.1 lakh per person over 3 years
  • • Only 1% made more than ₹1 lakh profit

Source: SEBI Study - Analysis of Profit and Loss of Individual Traders dealing in Equity F&O Segment

✅ The Fix

  • • Adopt fewer, higher-conviction trades
  • • Track your turnover ratio (total trades ÷ portfolio value)
  • • Hold quality stocks > 1 year for LTCG advantage (10% vs 15%)
  • • Calculate cost per trade and include it in your return calculations

Mistake #5: Not Benchmarking Against Nifty

"I made 30% last year!" sounds great... until you realize Nifty 50 made 45% in the same period.

❌ The Problem

Absolute returns without context are meaningless. If you underperform the index, you would have been better off buying an index fund with zero effort.

Example: CY 2023 Performance

Your Portfolio +25% ← Feels good
Nifty 50 TRI +26% ← You underperformed
Nifty Midcap 150 +46% ← Significantly underperformed

✅ The Fix

  • • Always compare your XIRR to Nifty 50 TRI over the same period
  • • Use Total Return Index (TRI) which includes dividends
  • • If consistently underperforming, consider index funds for a portion of your portfolio
  • • Track your alpha = Your XIRR - Benchmark XIRR

🎯 TrueXIRR shows benchmark comparison

Your dashboard automatically compares portfolio XIRR against Nifty 50 for the same holding period - so you always know if you're truly outperforming.

Quick Self-Check: Are You Making These Mistakes?

  • Do you book small profits frequently? (Kills compounding)
  • Are dividends included in your return calculation? (Missing 2-5% annually)
  • Do you hold losers longer than winners? (Capital locked in dead stocks)
  • Is your turnover ratio > 100%? (Overtrading eats returns)
  • Have you compared your returns to Nifty? (Absolute returns are meaningless)

The Good News? These Are Fixable

These mistakes are silent because broker dashboards hide them. You see green P&L and assume everything is fine.

But the real question is: are you building wealth efficiently?

Once you start measuring properly - with per-stock XIRR, behavioral analytics, and benchmark comparison - you can identify exactly where you're losing returns and fix it.

Know Your True Per-Stock XIRR

Calculate your real returns and get behavioral insights in under 2 minutes.

Completely client-side • No data uploaded • Free to try

Calculate My XIRR Now →

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